Epidemiology
Rate of Worldwide Spread

12/12/19 The first unknown pneumonia case via lab testing

01/07/20 Novel coronavirus was isolated by Chinese CDC

01/09/20 Named “2019-CoV” by the WHO

01/10/20 The first viral genome sequence was released online

01/21/20 First USA case of COVID-19 (Washington State)

01/26/20 First case of COVID-19 in California

02/06/20 The first US death from COVID-19 (Santa Clara County, CA)

• Suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 was circulating in Santa Clara County in January, weeks prior to what was originally thought

02/11/20 Renamed “SARS-CoV-2”

02/29/20 First recorded death from COVID-19 in Kirkland, WA

03/04/20 First reported COVID-19 death in California

03/11/20 Declared a world-wide pandemic by the WHO (World Health Organization)

03/13/20 Diamond Princess cruise-ship passengers quarantined in Asilomar Hotel in Pacific Grove, CA

• President Donald Trump declares national emergency

03/15/20 Worldwide: 169,387 infected / 6,513 deaths

• USA: 3,774 infected / 69 deaths

• California: 335 infected / 5 deaths

03/16/20 California issues all restaurants, cafeterias, bars, wineries, and breweries to be closed. Allowing only essential businesses to remain open.

• Monterey schools and libraries closed

03/17/20 First cases of COVID-19 in Monterey County (2)

• Monterey County enforces Shelter in Place order starting 3/18 - 4/7

• First US vaccine trial (initiated in Washington state, “mRNA 1273 vaccine”)

03/18/20 President Trump activates the Defense Production Act, which allows the government to advise private companies to manufacture needed supplies (masks, respirators, gloves, ventilators, and personal protective equipment (PPE)

• U.S. Department of Defense is activated : 2 hospital ships (USNS Mercy and USNS Comfort) sent to New York City and California

• No elective surgeries or dental surgeries permitted

03/19/20 First day of no new domestic cases in China

• California governor Gavin Newsom issues California state-wide “Shelter in Place” order

• President Donald Trump signs “Families First Coronavirus Response Act” (Emergency paid leave, expanding state unemployment benefits, free COVID-19 testing)

• First two cases of COVID-19 in US Congress (Mario Dias - Balart (FL), Ben McAdams (UT) )

03/20/20 Monterey County: 3 new cases (5 total)

• Worldwide: 209,839 infected / 8,778 deaths

• USA: 10,442 infected / 150 deaths

• Italy overtakes China in total deaths (3,405)

• Multiple states issue Stay at Home Order (NY, IL, CT, NJ, OH, DE, LA, MA, PA)

03/21/20 Monterey County: First reported death. Two new cases (7 total)

03/22/20 Monterey County: 4 new cases (11 total)

03/23/20 Monterey County: 3 new cases (14 total)

• Chinese study implies benefit from Chloroquine in COVID-19 patients

• Canada and Australia withdraw from the Olympic Games

03/24/20 Monterey County: 6 new cases (20 total)

• Worldwide: 332,930 infected / 14,510 deaths

• USA: 33,404 infected / 400 deaths

• United Kingdom / India issue “Stay at Home” orders

• 2020 Olympic Games are officially postponed to 2021

03/25/20 Monterey County: 4 new cases (24 total)

• Worldwide: 414,179 infected / 18,440 deaths

• US: 54,453 infected / 737 deaths (of these, NYC accounts for 20,011 infected and 280 deaths)

• US Senate agrees on $2 trillion economic stimulus package

03/26/20 3.28 million USA workers file for unemployment benefits

03/27/20 Monterey County: 3 new cases (27 total)

03/28/20 Monterey County: 5 new cases (32 total)

03/29/20 Monterey County: 4 new cases (36 total)

• Worldwide: 634,835 infected / 29,891 deaths

  • Global deaths more than doubled from 3/23/20

03/30/20 Monterey County: 6 new cases (42 total)

• USA has most COVID-19 cases in the world

• Social Distancing Order is extended to the end of April

• “Defense Production Act” (DPA) invoked for the first time. Allows General Motors (GM) to make ventilators

• US Military Reserve activated to help treat COVID-19 patients

• USNS Mercy (CA) and USNS Comfort (NY) begin to treat patients

03/31/20 Monterey County: 6 new cases (48 total)

• Worldwide: 750,890 infected / 36,405 deaths

• US: 163,539 infected /2,860 deaths

04/01/20 Monterey County: 5 new cases (53 total)

04/02/20 Monterey County: 4 new cases (57 total)

• CDC: “Recommends wearing cloth face coverings in public settings when other social distancing means are difficult to maintain, especially in areas of significant community based transmission”

• USA: 3.3 million further unemployment claims (6.6 million total)

04/03/20 Monterey County: 5 new cases (62 total)

• “Shelter in Place” order extended to May 3

• Total number of cases of COVID-19 worldwide reaches 1 million

04/04/20 Monterey County: 0 new cases (62 total)

• Worldwide: 50,000 deaths reached

04/05/20 - 04/14/20 Monterey County: 45 new cases (108 total)

04/12/20 Worldwide: 1,696,588 infected / 105,952 deaths

• US: 525,704 infected / 20,486 deaths

04/15/20 Monterey County: 11 new cases (119 total)

• Two trials started to evaluate benefits of the Bacille Calmette / Guerin (BCG) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

04/16/20 Monterey County 17 new cases (136 total)

• First trial initiated to test Oral Polio vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

04/17/20 Total number of COVID-19 cases worldwide exceeds 2 million

• Approximate Worldwide Doubling Rate (Cases / Time):

  • 250,000 —> 500,000 / 7 days

  • 500,000 —> 1,000,000 / 8 days

  • 1,000,000 —> 2,000,000 / 13 days

• US: 672,303 infected / 33,898 deaths

• Chinese National Health Commission issued a major revision to COVID-19 associated deaths in Wuhan

  • 1,290 new deaths reported (50% increase 2,579 —> 3,869), increasing the Chinese national total by 38% to 4,632 deaths

• USA CDC issues a morbidity / mortality weekly report summarizing data from dates 2/12/20 - 4/9/20, suggesting that 19% of fatalities from COVID-19 were healthcare workers

04/18/20 Monterey County: 5 new cases (141 total)

• At this point, approximately 3 million Americans have been tested for COVID-19, representing 1% of the United States population

04/19/20 Monterey County: 7 new cases (148 total)

04/20/20 Monterey County: 2 new cases (150 total)

• USA FDA uses Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), allowing a few private companies to initiate serological antibody testing

04/21/20 Monterey County: 4 new cases (154 total)

04/22/20 Monterey County: 10 new cases (164 total; 4 total deaths)

04/23/20 Monterey County: 5 new cases (169 total; 4 total deaths)

• Worldwide: 2.54 million infected / 175,694 deaths

• US: 828,441 infected / 46,379 deaths

• Further 4.4 million Americans file for unemployment (totaling 26 million over the last 5 weeks / 7.8% of entire US population)

04/24/20 Monterey County: 7 new cases (176 total; 4 total deaths)

• USA CDC reports a record number of new cases over a 24 hour period - 37,144 new cases

04/25/20 Monterey County: 7 new cases (183 total; 4 total deaths)

04/26/20 Monterey County: 2 new cases (185 total; 4 total deaths)

• As per USA CDC, total deaths exceeds 50,000 (50,439)

04/27/20 Monterey County: 6 new cases (191 total; 4 total deaths)

• USA CDC reports record number of deaths in a 24 hour period (3,483)

04/28/20 Monterey County: 15 new cases (206 total; 5 total deaths)

• California: 45,031 cases and 1,809 total deaths

04/29/20 Monterey County: 7 new cases (213 total; 5 total deaths)

• Worldwide: 3.02 million infected / 207,973 deaths

• US: 1,005,147 infected / 57,505 deaths

• United States exceeds 1 million cases: 1/21/20 - 4/29/20 (100 days)

04/30/20 Monterey County: Health Officer issues mandatory face-covering order when leaving the house and entering public setting, even for essential outings

05/01/20 Monterey County: Health Officer updates Shelter in Place Order effective 5/20/20 - 5/31/20

What are The Incidence of Hospitalization?

In a California and Washington state-based study of 1,277 hospitalized COVID-19 patients:

• Overall: 10.6 - 14.6 / 100,000 people.

• Age < 80 years old: 37.4 / 100,000

• Age > 80 years old: 61.0 / 100,000

• Mean Duration of Hospitalization: 10.7 days (survivors), 13.7 days (non-survivors)

• Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Admission: 41.9% (17.8% did not survive)